NASA's Artemis II Crew to Orbit Moon in Historic 10-Day Mission

The Artemis II mission, with a launch window opening at 6:24 p.m. ET from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, will send the crew on an approximately 10-day trip around the moon and back.

The flight is being billed as one of NASA's most critical missions in decades and a key step towards returning humans to deep space.

The crew includes NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover and Christina Koch, along with Canadian Space Agency astronaut Jeremy Hansen.

Fueling operations for the 32-storey Space Launch System rocket began earlier in the day, with more than 700,000 gallons of propellant required before liftoff.

Preparations had faced tense moments earlier due to hydrogen leaks that forced delays in testing.

If successful, Artemis II will mark the first time astronauts travel toward the moon since the Apollo 17 mission in 1972.

The mission will not include a lunar landing. Instead, the Orion spacecraft will carry the crew around the far side of the moon before returning to Earth, testing life-support, navigation and other systems in deep space.

After liftoff, Orion will separate from the rocket's upper stage and perform a "translunar injection" burn, committing it to a trajectory toward the moon. The spacecraft will travel for several days, loop around the lunar far side, and then begin its return journey.

Re-entry will be one of the most challenging phases. Orion is expected to hit Earth's atmosphere at speeds of about 25,000 miles per hour, facing temperatures of around 5,000 degrees before splashing down in the Pacific Ocean.

During the mission, astronauts will evaluate spacecraft performance, practise emergency procedures, and capture images of the moon's far side.

The crew also represents several historic firsts. The mission includes the first woman, the first African-American astronaut, and the first Canadian to travel toward the moon.

Artemis II is being positioned as the opening step in NASA's broader plan to establish a sustained human presence on the moon and eventually send astronauts to Mars.

The Artemis programme follows the Apollo missions, which sent 24 astronauts to the moon between 1968 and 1972, including 12 who walked on its surface.

NASA aims to build on that legacy with a long-term lunar base and future missions targeting the moon's south pole later this decade, before pushing onward to Mars.

- IANS