AI Demands Structural Rewrite, Not Just Disruption: NITI Aayog Fellow

Debjani Ghosh, a Distinguished Fellow at NITI Aayog, argues that AI represents a fundamental structural rewrite for businesses, not a mere temporary disruption. She highlights the need for the tech services industry to pivot from cost-based services to outcome-driven, AI-enabled solutions. A NITI Aayog report outlines a roadmap for India to bridge a projected revenue shortfall and achieve $750-850 billion in annual tech revenue by 2035. This requires strategic R&D investment, global partnerships, large-scale workforce reskilling, and supportive government policies to expand India's global market share beyond 25%.

Key Points: AI is a Structural Rewrite, Says NITI Aayog's Debjani Ghosh

  • Shift from effort-based to outcome-based models
  • Invest in R&D for healthcare & semiconductors
  • Target $750-850B tech revenue by 2035
  • Launch coordinated national AI talent mission
  • Reposition as leader in trusted digital services
3 min read

AI a structural rewrite, not a disruption: NITI Ayog fellow Debjani Ghosh

NITI Aayog fellow Debjani Ghosh states AI requires a fundamental business model shift. Learn about India's tech roadmap and the push for $850B revenue by 2035.

"AI is not a cyclical disruption. It is a structural rewrite. - Debjani Ghosh"

New Delhi, February 14

Debjani Ghosh, a Distinguished Fellow at NITI Aayog and Former President of Nasscom, said India today stands at its most decisive inflection point, as technologies such as AI will require businesses to rewrite their models and platforms.

AI, she said, is not a cyclical disruption but is a structural rewrite.

"Today, it stands at its most decisive inflection point as AI is not a cyclical disruption. It is a structural rewrite.... requiring business model shifts from effort-based billing to outcome-based value, from bespoke coding to productized platforms...and from back office to AI-native architect," she posted on X, after attending the launch of NITI Frontier Tech Hub's Roadmap on India's Technology Services.

The technology-services industry has a peculiar distinction, she said, arguing that every few years, one thinks it is finished.

"And, each time, the obituary was written early, the industry's capacity for reinvention proved to be its ultimate product," her X post read.

For three decades, she said India's technology services industry has powered its global rise.

On the NITI Frontier Tech Hub initiative, she said it was developed through extensive consultation with industry leaders and experts and it lays out a forward-looking pathway for India to sustain and extend its global leadership.

A Niti Aayog report noted that industry must lead the shift into the AI era by reimagining its delivery model, deepening innovation, and investing in the next wave of growth.

Firms need to pivot from cost-based services to outcome-driven, AI-enabled solutions, embedding 'human + agent + platform' models across operations.

"Strategic investment in R&D and IP creation, particularly in fast-growing areas such as healthcare, semiconductors, and cybersecurity, can unlock new value pools. Building global partnerships, scaling AI-focused mergers and acquisitions, and driving large-scale workforce reskilling will be critical to maintaining India's global edge and expanding its market share beyond 25 percent by 2035," Niti Aayog said.

It added that government policy must enable this transition by strengthening innovation, talent, and ease of doing business.

This includes scaling digital R&D and IP creation through a clear national digital R&D framework and shared infrastructure, simplifying and accelerating approvals through a National Tech-Services Single Window, and creating a supportive policy environment for SaaS and high-growth technology firms through capital-targeted R&D support, ESOP clarifications, and regulatory reforms.

"In parallel, a nationally coordinated AI talent mission will prepare India's talent base for AI-driven shifts. Together, these measures will position India as a preferred destination for global technology operations and investment," Niti Aayog said.

To align with the vision of Viksit Bharat@2047, the tech services sector needs to aim to achieve USD 750-850 billion in annual revenue by 2035 to sustain a 7-8 percent share of GDP and expand its global market share beyond 25 percent.

However, the report indicates a USD 250-300 billion shortfall, underscoring the need for decisive action.

"Emerging technologies such as generative and agentic AI, cloud infrastructure, and digital engineering present India with a historic opportunity to bridge this gap and reposition itself as a leader in trusted, innovation-driven digital services," it suggested.

- ANI

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Reader Comments

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Sarah B
The focus on "human + agent + platform" models is fascinating. It's not about AI replacing jobs, but augmenting human capability. The national AI talent mission will be crucial for this transition. Hope the skilling initiatives reach tier-2 and tier-3 cities.
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Arjun K
Good roadmap, but execution is everything. We've seen many such reports from government think tanks. The "National Tech-Services Single Window" is a great idea if implemented properly. Less talk, more action please. The 2035 targets are ambitious!
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Priya S
As someone working in a SaaS startup, the mention of ESOP clarifications and regulatory reforms is a huge relief! 🎉 The policy environment needs to catch up with the pace of innovation. This structural rewrite is an opportunity for young Indian tech firms.
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Rohit P
The part about the industry's "capacity for reinvention" is so true. From Y2K to cloud, we've adapted. AI is the next frontier. But reskilling the massive existing workforce is the biggest challenge. Companies must invest heavily in their people.
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Karthik V
While the vision for Viksit Bharat@2047 is commendable, I have a respectful criticism. The report seems very top-down and corporate-focused. What about the millions of small IT service providers and freelancers? How will they be included in this AI-native shift? The roadmap needs a grassroots component.

We welcome thoughtful discussions from our readers. Please keep comments respectful and on-topic.

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