Common meat-free proteins might trigger soybean, peanut allergies in some people
Washington, March 16: Many people who want to limit their meat intake are turning to legume replacements that are high in protein, vitamins, and fibre.
Yet, allergies to legumes such as soy and peanuts are both common and deadly.
Are patients who are allergic to certain legumes at danger from meat-free proteins made of legumes, even if the legumes are different? Dr Mark Smits and his colleagues at the University Medical Center Utrecht set out to explore.
An allergy by any other name
People develop food allergies when their immune systems confuse food proteins with a threat and produce Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. Sensitized individuals can, upon re-exposure to the same food, develop symptoms of an allergy. Patients that react to one food may also react to another this is a co-allergy. Co-allergies are accompanied by co-sensitization, in which patients produce IgE antibodies against several foods. Co-sensitization may be caused by cross-reactivity, where IgE antibodies bind to proteins from multiple foods because the proteins share similar structures.
Co-sensitization can lead to a diagnosed co-allergy, but doesn't always it's possible for someone to be co-sensitized to a food, but not experience a reaction when they eat it. So, do patients with specific legume allergies react to other legumes?
Smits and colleagues recruited legume-allergic patients from the Allergology Clinic at the University Medical Center Utrecht and split them into six groups according to allergies peanuts, soybeans, green peas, lupines, lentils, and beans. All patients had allergies validated by an oral food challenge or a positive IgE test combined with a history of reactions. Each different group was tested for IgE antibodies against the other legumes.
"We showed that a large number of patients produced antibodies against more than one legume," said Dr Kitty Verhoeckx, second author of the study. "However, clinical data showed that only a small part of these patients had actual symptoms."
High co-sensitization rate between legumes, but not always co-allergy
All six patient groups showed co-sensitization to additional legumes, and almost a quarter of patients were sensitized to all legumes. Nearly all the patients in the bean allergy group were sensitized to other legumes. Patients allergic to green peas, lupines, or lentils were also likely to be sensitized to other legumes, while patients with diagnosed allergies to peanuts or soybeans were not.
The team also looked at which of these patients had documented co-allergies for several legumes. The high co-sensitization rate was associated with clinical symptoms in only a relatively small number of patients. In peanut and soybean-allergic patients, co-allergies for green pea, lupine, lentil and bean were uncommon, but patients who had allergies to this second group of legumes were likely to be co-allergic to peanuts or soybeans. Patients with peanut allergies were also often co-allergic to soybeans, and vice versa. Co-sensitization for peanuts was associated with clinically relevant co-allergy in almost all the other legume groups. However, the team cautioned that it will be necessary to expand the study to a larger group and confirm co-allergies with oral food challenges to determine how clinically relevant this co-sensitization is in practice.
"Legumes are an attractive sustainable protein source, but allergic reactions in the already legume-allergic population cannot be excluded as antibodies in the blood of legume-allergic patients frequently react to different legumes," said Le. "However, this reaction does not always lead to a clinically relevant food allergy. Introduction of novel foods into the market should be accompanied by appropriate assessment of the risk of developing (new) food allergies." danger from meat-free proteins made of legumes, even if the legumes are different? Dr. Mark Smits and his colleagues at the University Medical Center Utrecht set out to explore.
Common meat-free proteins might trigger soybean, peanut allergies in some people
ANI 16 March 2023 Post Your CommentsShared Recently!
Sunrisers Hyderabad unveil jersey for IPL 2023Nepal PM Pushpa Kamal Dahal set to seek vote of confidence on March 20